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Importation of Plants and Animals | ||
Summary of Hawaii's Import Requirements
Importation of Live Organisms into Hawaii
Summary of
Hawaii's Import Requirements
General Requirements:
Agriculture items include all plants, plant parts, animals,
microorganism cultures, soil, and related containers and packing
materials.
All agriculture items require inspection upon arrival into the
State before the shipment is released to the importer to insure
that they are free of pests or will not become pests themselves.
All individuals arriving in Hawaii must declare agriculture items
brought into the State on the Plants and Animals Declaration Form
and present these items for inspection to the Plant Quarantine
Inspector in the port baggage claim area.
All transportation companies transporting agricultural items to
Hawaii must notify the Plant Quarantine Inspector of these items
and insure that all items, including cargo and mail, are
available until the inspection is completed.
Plants, Plant Parts, and Soil:
Most plants are permitted into the State after inspection.
However, Hawaii does not allow the following to be shipped into
the State without prior arrangements for permit and/or
quarantine, treatment, or certification:
1. Sugarcane and grass plants (bamboo, sod, lawn grass)
2. Pineapple and bromeliad plants and fruits.
3. Coffee plants and seeds.
4. Cruciferous root crops (radish, horseradish, rutabaga, turnip
or daikon).
5. Orchid plants and bulbs.
6. Banana plants.
7. Passion fruit plants and seeds.
8. Pine plants (all Pinus species)
9. Coconut plants and parts, including nuts.
10. Corn and related plants and parts (broomcorn, sorghum, fresh
corn-on-the-cob).
11. Palm plants and seeds from the U.S.
12. Pulpy fruits from Florida or Puerto Rico.
13. Various noxious weeds (yellow nutsedge, blackberry, Madeira
vine, spiny
tree cactus, quackgrass).
14. Sand, soil, or earth.
Live Non-Domestic Animals and Microorganisms:
Hawaii does not allow live, non-domestic animals and cultures of
microorganisms to be shipped into the State without prior
arrangements for permits by the Plant Quarantine Branch:
1. Non-domestic animals (all nematodes, worms, shellfish,
crustaceans, insects, seafood, amphibians, reptiles, birds,
fishes, and mammals, except domestic animals).
Alligators, ants, biocontrol insects, bulbuls, coconut crabs,
electric catfishes, ferrets, gerbils, hamsters, hermit crabs,
honey bees, land snails, lion fishes, lizards, lories, monk
parakeets, needlefishes, piranhas, snakes, snapping turtles,
squirrels, toucans, wolf-dogs, and many other animals are
prohibited.
2. Microorganisms and microbial products (all algae, protozoans,
bacteria, fungi, mushroom spawn, viruses, and products that
contain these organisms).
Live Domestic Animals:
The importation of all live domestic animals (common livestock or
poultry, dogs, cats) are prohibited without a valid health
certificate, permit, and quarantine under rules administered by
the Animal Industry Division, Hawaii Department of Agriculture.
For specific information, write or call the Division at 99-941
Halawa Valley St., Aiea, HI 96701, Ph. (808) 483-7100.
Permits: All other agricultural permits are required in advance
of importation by the Plant Quarantine Branch, Hawaii Department
of Agriculture. For specific information on restrictions, write
or call the Branch at 701 Ilalo St. Honolulu, HI 96813, Ph. (808)
586-0844 or 836-3827.
Labeling:
All agricultural parcels entering the State must be clearly
labeled as follows:
1. "LIVE PLANTS", "FRESH FRUITS", "FRESH
VEGETABLES", "SOILS",
"LIVE ANIMALS" or "LIVE MICROORGANISMS" and
2. "MAY BE OPENED FOR AGRICULTURAL INSPECTION".
Invoice:
Invoice must show the exact contents of the parcel or container
by listing the name of the item and the quantity.
Penalty:
Any person or company who violates Chapter 150A, Hawaii Revised
Statutes, or rules adopted under this chapter, shall be guilty of
a misdemeanor and subject to fines ranging from $100-$25,000
and/or one year in jail, and costs for recapturing, eradicating,
or controlling the pest.
Importation
of Live Organisms into Hawaii
A.Background
In Hawaii, the Department of Agriculture is the State agency with
jurisdiction over all animal and plant introductions. Permits
must be obtained from the Plant Quarantine Branch for the
importation of any live insects as stated in Chapter 71 of the
Hawaii Administrative Rules under authority of the Hawaii Revised
Statutes (Chapter 150A). These rules were recently amended and
the revised version became effective on January 30, 1995. It
includes three lists:
1. Prohibited Animals and Microorganisms List
Species on the Prohibited List may not be brought into Hawaii.
Permit requests will automatically be denied.
2. Restricted Animals and Microorganisms List
The Restricted List is divided into parts A and B. A permit is
required for importation and possession of species on these
lists. The permittee must also obtain prior site approval for
these species.
Restricted (Part A) species are for research by universities and
government agencies, exhibition in municipal zoos or
government-affiliated aquariums or for other institutions for
medical or scientific purposes. All biological control agents are
included in this list.
Restricted (Part B) species are for the purposes described for
Restricted (Part A) and for private and commercial use, including
individual possession, zoological parks and aquaculture
production.
3. Conditionally Approved Animals and Microorganisms List
Conditionally Approved species are available for importation by
qualified applicants for individual possession, businesses, or
institutions. A permit is required for importation.
Species which appear on these lists have already been evaluated
by the Board of Agriculture in response to past requests for
permission to bring them into the State. The placement of a
species on its respective list determines how it will be dealt
with by the Department. If an insect does not appear on any of
these lists then no previous permit request for that species has
been considered by the Board. Importation of any such species is
prohibited until it is approved through procedures outlined in C
and D below.
Insects on the lists are based on Board approvals after 1976.
Introductions for biological control or other purposes prior to
1976 may not have been subjected to current testing standards.
Therefore, a species brought in prior to 1976, which does not
appear on current lists, will be treated the same as a species
which has never been considered by the Board.
B. Permits
An import permit can only be issued for a species if the
following steps have been completed:
1. The insect has been listed on the Restricted (A or B) or the
Conditionally Approved List.
2. Import conditions have been approved by the Board of
Agriculture.
C. Procedure to Place Species on the Prohibited, Restricted, or
Conditionally Approved Lists.
1. Submit application for permit to the Plant Quarantine Branch.
The applicant should provide the information requested on the
application form, including a statement of reasons for
importation, the person responsible for the insects, a
description of safeguarded facilities, methods of disposition, an
abstract of the insect, and any other pertinent documented
information which supports and justifies the proposed
introduction. Incomplete applications will be returned with a
request for more information. Sufficient copies of all
attachments must be provided for distribution to committee and
Board members. At this time, 30 copies of attachments are needed
for the two subcommittees and an additional 15 copies if you want
the Board to see the attachments.
2. The Plant Quarantine Branch will compile information submitted
by the applicant and send the request to the appropriate Advisory
Subcommittee. There are 5 standing subcommittees (Entomology,
Microorganisms, Invertebrate and Aquatic Biota, Land Vertebrates,
and Plants) composed of experts in the respective field. Each
member is requested to review the application within two weeks.
3. Comments of the subcommittee will then be compiled and sent to
the Advisory Committee on Plants and Animals for a similar
review. This committee is composed of 9 members with a more
general background than the more specialized Advisory
Subcommittee. This committee meets every other month.
4. The comments and recommendations of the Subcommittee, the
Advisory Committee, and the Plant Quarantine Branch are compiled
and sent to each Board member at least one week prior to the
Board meeting which is normally held on the third Thursday of
each month.
5. If the application is approved by the Board for a species not
presently listed, it must then go to public hearing. This is to
comply with Hawaiis sunshine law which requires full public
disclosure. This step may take 2-3 months.
6. Comments from the public hearings are compiled and reviewed by
the Board at the next scheduled meeting.
7. The request is then sent to the Governors office for
signature.
D. Procedure to Establish Conditions for Species on Restricted or
Conditionally Approved Lists.
1. Submit application for permit to the Plant Quarantine Branch.
The applicant should provide the information requested on the
application form. The Plant Quarantine Branch will compile the
information submitted by the applicant, draft proposed import
conditions, and send the request to the appropriate Advisory
Subcommittee. Each Subcommittee member is requested to review the
proposed conditions within two weeks.
2. Comments of the Subcommittee will then be compiled and sent to
the Advisory Committee on Plants and Animals for a similar
review. This Committee meets every other month.
3. The comments and recommendations of the Subcommittee, the
Advisory Committee, and the Plant Quarantine Branch are compiled
and sent to each Board member at lest one week prior to the
regular scheduled meeting of the Board which is normally held on
the third Thursday of each month.
4. A permit may be issued after the Board has approved the
conditions for importation.
Permits are valid for one year from date of issue. They may be
issued for multiple introductions within that year for qualified
applicants.
Previously disapproved applications may be resubmitted for Board
action upon determination by the Plant Quarantine Branch that
conditions for the importation are significantly different from
those proposed in the previously disapproved request. This
requires the full review process.
A copy of Chapter 71 and permit application forms are available
upon request from the Plant Quarantine Branch, 701 Ilalo Street,
Honolulu, HI 96813 or by calling 586-0844.
Hawaii
Administrative Rules
Title 4 Department of Agriculture
Subtitle 6 Division of Plant Industry
Chapter 71
Plant and Non-Domestic Animal Quarantine
Non-Domestic Animal and Microorganism Import Rules
Subchapter 1 General
Provisions
§4-71-1 Objective
§4-71-2 Definitions
§4-71-3 Permits
§4-71-4 Submission of permit application to the board
Subchapter
2 Non-Domestic Animal Introductions
§4-71-5 Notice of quarantine
§4-71-6 Prohibited introductions
§4-71-6.5 Permitted introductions
§4-71-7 Bond for certain animals
§4-71-8 Bonding procedure
§4-71-9 Conditions for bonding
§4-71-10 Failure to comply with bond conditions
Subchapter 3
Microorganism Introductions
§4-71-11 Notice of quarantine
§4-71-12 Prohibited introductions
§4-71-12.5 Permitted introductions
Historical note: Chapter 71 is based substantially upon
Regulation 2 entitled Concerning the Introduction of Feral
and Other Non-Domestic Animals into Hawaii, of the Division
of Entomology and Marketing, Department of Agriculture and
Conservation {Eff. 12/12/41; am and ren. Regulation 2 8/30/47; am
9/16/60; R 7/13/81]; and Regulation 3 entitled Concerning
the Introduction of Bacteria, Fungi and Viruses into
Hawaii, of the Division of Entomology, Board of
Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry [Eff. 12/12/41; am and
re. Regulation 3 8/30/47; R 7/13/81]
SUBCHAPTER 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
§4-71-1 Objective.
The objective of this chapter is to implement the requirements of
chapter 150A, Hawaii Revised Statutes, by restricting or
prohibiting the importation of specific non-domestic animals or
microorganisms that are detrimental to the agricultural and
aquacultural industries, natural resources and environment of
Hawaii. [Eff. 7/13/81; am and comp 9/19/91; comp 2/21/92; am and
comp 9/13/93; comp JAN 30 1995 ] (Auth: HRS §§141-2, 150A-9)
(Imp: HRS §§150A-6, 150A-7)
§4-71-2 Definitions.
As used in the chapter:
"Advisory subcommittee" means one of the advisory
subcommittees on
entomology, invertebrate and aquatic biota, land vertebrates,
microorganisms, or plants appointed by the chairman pursuant to
section
150A-10, HRS;"Board" means the board of agriculture of
the department of
agriculture;"Branch" means the plant quarantine branch;
"Chief" means the chief of the plant quarantine branch;
"Microorganism" means any unicellular microscopic
organism including but
not limited to algae, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses; and
"Permittee" means any person or agency that has applied
for and been
granted a permit for the introduction or possession of an animal
or
microorganism under this chapter [Eff. 7/13/81; am and comp
9/19/91;
am and comp 2/21/92; am and comp 9/13/93; comp JAN 30 1995]
(Auth: HRS §§141-2, 150A-9) (Imp: HRS §§150A-6, 150A-7)
§4-71-3 Permits.
(a) All importation of animals and microorganism cultures shall
be by permit. A permit application shall be submitted to the
chief with the following information:
(1) Name and address of shipper and importer;
(2) Approximate number and kind (scientific name);
(3) Sex if determinable;
(4) Object of importation;
(5) Mode of transportation; and
(6) Approximate date of arrival.
(b) The chief, without submitting the permit application to the
board, may approve or disapprove the issuance of a permit based
on a past board decision relating to the specific animal or
microorganism and the respective conditions for importation
previously mandated by the board.
(c) A permit application for an animal or microorganism which was
previously disapproved may be resubmitted for board action
pursuant to section 4-71-4 upon determination by the chief that
conditions for importation are significantly different from the
previously disapproved request.
(d) A permit application for an animal or a microorganism not
previously permitted entry by the board shall be submitted for
board action pursuant to section 4-71-4.
(e) The chairman, without submitting the permit application to
the board, may approve a short term permit for performing animals
in a circus, carnival, or commercial filming for television or
movies when it has been determined that the animals shall be
adequately safeguarded under the control of professional trainers
or handlers.
(f) The permittee shall comply with all permit conditions
established by the board. Violation of permit conditions may
result in citation as provided in section 105A-12, Hawaii Revised
Statutes, or in cancellation of the permit. [Eff. 7/13/81; comp
9/19/91; am and comp 2/21/92; am and comp 9/13/93; comp JAN 30
1995] (Auth: HRS §§141-2, 150A-9) (Imp: HRS §§150A-6, 150A-7)
§4-71-4 Submission of permit application to the board.
(a) The applicant shall provide the chief with the following
additional information:
(1) A statement of reasons for importation;
(2) The person responsible for the animal or microorganism;
(3) A description of safeguarded facilities;
(4) The method of disposition;
(5) An abstract of the animal or microorganism; and
(6) Any other pertinent documented information that supports and
justifies
the proposed introduction.
(b) The chief shall compile the information submitted by the
applicant and send it to the members of the appropriate advisory
subcommittee for review.
(c) The comments and recommendations of the advisory subcommittee
shall be compiled and sent to the advisory committee on plants
and animals for review.
(d) The comments and recommendations of the advisory
subcommittee, the advisory committee on plants and animals,
including the committee's votes, and the chief shall be compiled
and submitted to the board at its regular scheduled meeting.
(e) The board shall take action to approve or disapprove the
permit application. The board may impose permit conditions
relating to, but not limited to, health requirements,
safeguarding the animal or microorganism from escape,
unauthorized release, or theft, as well as any applicable
requirements of municipal, state or federal law. [Eff. 7/13/81;
comp 9/19/91; comp 2/21/92; am and comp 9/13/93; comp JAN 30
1995] (Auth: HRS §§141-2, 150A-9) (Imp: HRS §§150A-6, 150A-7)
SUBCHAPTER
2
NON-DOMESTIC ANIMAL INTRODUCTIONS
§4-71-5 Notice of quarantine.
The board finds that there exists serious danger to the
agricultural and aquacultural industries, natural resources, and
environment of Hawaii by the uncontrolled introduction of feral
and other non-domestic animals. [Eff. 7/13/81; comp 9/19/91; comp
2/21/92; comp 9/13/93; comp JAN 30 1995] (Auth: HRS §§141-2,
150A-9) (Imp: HRS §§150A-6, 150A-7)
§4-71-6 Prohibited introductions.
(a) The introduction into Hawaii of live animals as defined in
section 150A-2, HRS, at any stage of development is prohibited
except for those animals on the lists incorporated in §4-71-6.5
and only by permit.
(b) The list of animals designated as prohibited entry pursuant
to sections 150A-6(b) and 150A-6(d), dated January 16,;1992, and
located at the end of this chapter is made a part of this
section. [Eff. 7/13/81; am and comp 9/19/91; am and comp 2/21/92;
am and comp 9/13/93; am and comp JAN 30 1995] (Auth: HRS
§§141-2, 150A-9) (Imp: HRS §§15OA-6, 15OA-7)
§4-71-6.5 Permitted introductions.
(a) The introduction into Hawaii of live animals as defined in
section 150A-2, HRS, is only allowed:
(1) For those animals on the list designated as conditionally
approved and
dated December 16, 1994, or on the list designated as restricted
entry, dated December 16, 1994, pursuant to section 150A-6(b),
HRS, both of which lists are located at the end of this chapter
and
made a part of this section;
(2) By permit approved by the board or chief pursuant to sections
4-71-3
and 4-71-4; and
(3) After securing appropriate bond for certain animals pursuant
to sections
4-71-7, 4-71-8, and 4-71-9.
(b) Pursuant to the requirements of subsection (a) herein, the
introduction of animals on the lists of conditionally approved or
restricted animals is allowed as follows:
(1) Animals on the list of conditionally approved animals, for
individual
possession, businesses, or institutions;
(2) Animals on Part A of the list of restricted animals, for
research by
universities and government agencies, exhibition in municipal
zoos
and government-affiliated aquariums, for other institutions for
medical and scientific purposes as determined by the board, and
for
other purposes as specified in this chapter; and
(3) Animals on Part B of the list of restricted animals, for the
purposes
described in subsection (b) (2) herein and for private and
commercial use, including individual possession, zoological
parks,
and aquaculture production.
(c) The permittee must obtain prior site approval for animals on
the list of restricted animals.
(d) Restricted list animals require a permit for both import and
possession. Where a permit for a restricted list animal allows
transfer or sale, the proposed transferee must first obtain a
permit for possession of the animal by application to the chief,
site inspection approval and satisfaction of any bond or other
requirements applicable.
(e) The board may establish permit conditions relating to, but
not limited to, time, place, location, use, special precautions,
health requirements, and safeguarding the animal from escape,
unauthorized release, or theft, as well as any applicable
requirements of municipal, state or federal laws. The permittee
shall comply with the requirements of this chapter, chapter 150A,
Hawaii Revised Statutes, and specific permit conditions
established by the board. [Eff. and comp 2/21/92; am and comp JAN
3 0 1995] (Auth: §§141-2, 150A-9) (Imp: HRS §150A-6)
§4-71-7 Bond for certain animals.
Upon approval, an appropriate bond shall be secured for the
following:
(1) Monkeys, apes, baboons, chimpanzees, gibbons, lemurs, pottos,
wallabys, and any other animal that the board may require to be
bonded as a condition for importation or possession;
(2) Any offspring of bonded animals; and
(3) Certain performing animals in a circus, carnival, or
commercial filming for
television or movie productions that have been permitted entry by
the chairman without advisory committee review and board action
pursuant to section 4-71-3(e). [Eff. 7/13/81; am and comp
9/19/91;
comp 2/21/92; amended and comp 9/13/93; comp JAN 30 1995]
(Auth: HRS §§141-2, 150A-9) (Imp: HRS §150A-6 §4-71-7)
§4-71-8 Bondinq procedure.
(a) The bonding of animals, when required, shall be either by
insurance bond from a company licensed to do business in Hawaii,
cashier's check or cash deposited with the department of
agriculture.
(b) An individual bond shall be secured for the sum of one
thousand dollars for each animal except as provided for in
subsection (c).
(c) An individual bond shall be secured for the sum of two
hundred and fifty dollars for each animal for owners holding
valid United States Department of Agriculture licenses under the
Animal Welfare Act.
(d) A cashier's check or cash deposited as a bond, shall be
returned to the owner without interest, upon verification of the
death or exportation of the animal, or the transfer or sale of
the animal to a new owner who has secured the necessary bond.
(e) Government organizations, such as municipal zoos, are exempt
from the bonding requirements. [Eff. 7/13/81; am and comp
9/19/91; comp 2/21/92; am and comp 9/13/93; comp JAN 30 1995]
(Auth: HRS §§141-2, 150A-9) (Imp: HRS §§150A-6, 150A-7)
§4-71-9 Conditions for bonding.
An owner, dealer, or organization shall import and maintain
bonded animals under the following conditions:
(1) Submitting information to the chief with respect to the
number, sex, if
determinable, and kind of animal;
(2) The animal shall be kept in captivity at all times;
(3) The chief shall be notified immediately upon the escape of
any bonded
animal;
(4) The chief shall be notified immediately upon the death of the
bonded
animal and the carcass shall be presented immediately to the
state
veterinarian or his designate for examination and verification;
(5) Out-of-state movement of a bonded animal shall be verified by
an
inspector after prior arrangements for verification have been
made
with the chief;
(6) An animal shall be sold or given away in Hawaii, only to
persons that
have first secured an appropriate bond with the department;
(7) A bond or cashier's check shall be kept in full force and
effect;
(8) Reporting the birth of and the securing of an appropriate
bond for any
offspring shall be within thirty days; and
(9) Reporting the change of mailing address shall be within seven
days.
[Eff. 7/13/81; am and comp 9/19/91; comp 2/21/92; comp 9/13/93;
comp JAN 30 1995] (Auth: HRS §§141-2, 150A-9) (Imp: HRS
§§150A-6, 150A-7)
§4-71-10 Failure to comply with bond conditions.
(a) The department may seize the bonded animal and foreclose on
the bond or retain such sums secured by cashier's check upon
failure of the owner to comply with the bonding conditions in
section 4-71-9.
(b) Should the bonded animal escape, the owner shall take
necessary action to recapture the animal. If the owner fails to
recapture the animal within one week after escape or when the
animal becomes a nuisance or poses a serious threat to the
community, the department may employ its resources to recapture
the animal after due notice to the owner. The owner shall be held
responsible for the cost incurred by the department.
(c) Any bonded animal that is captured after escape or seized
pursuant to section 4-71-10 may be sold at a private sale,
shipped out of state, donated to a government agency, or
destroyed fifteen days after cancellation of the bond. [Eff.
7/13/81; am and comp 9/19/91; comp 2/21/92; amended and comp
9/13/93; comp JAN 30 1995] (Auth: HRS §§141-2,150A-9) (Imp: HRS
§§150A-6, 150A-7)
SUBCHAPTER 3
MICROORGANISM INTRODUCTIONS
§4-71-11 Notice of quarantine.
The board finds that there exists serious danger to the
agricultural and horticultural industries of Hawaii from the
unrestricted introduction of microorganisms. [Eff. 7/13/81; am
and comp 9/19/91; am and comp 2/21/92; comp 9/13/93; comp JAN 30
1995] (Auth: HRS §§141-2, 150A-9) (Imp: HRS §150A-5)
§4-71-12 Prohibited introductions.
(a) The introduction of any microorganism is prohibited except
for microorganisms on the lists incorporated in section 4-71-12.5
by permit, and except as provided by section 150A-6(b), Hawaii
Revised Statutes.
(b) The list of microorganisms designated as prohibited entry
pursuant to sections 150A-6(b) and 150A-6(d), dated December 16,
1994, and located at the end of this chapter is made a part of
this section. [Eff. 7/13/81; am and comp 9/19/91; am and comp
2/21/92; am and comp JAN 30 1995] (Auth: HRS §§141-2, 150A-9)
(Imp: HRS §150A-6)
§4-71-12.5 Permitted introductions.
(a) The introduction into Hawaii of microorganisms as defined in
chapter 150A, HRS, is only allowed:
(1) As provided by section 150A-6(b), Hawaii Revised Statutes and
those
microorganisms on the list designated as conditionally approved,
dated December 16, 1994, or the list designated as restricted
entry,
dated December 16, 1994, pursuant to section 150A-6(b), Hawaii
Revised Statutes, both of which lists are located at the end of
this
chapter and made a part of this section; and
(2) By permit approved by the board or chief pursuant to sections
4-71-3
and 4-71-4;
(b) Pursuant to the requirements of subsection (a) herein,
introduction of microorganisms on the lists of conditionally
approved or restricted microorganisms is allowed as follows:
(1) Microorganisms on the list of conditionally approved
microorganisms,
for individual possession, businesses, or institutions;
(2) Microorganisms on Part A of the list of restricted
microorganisms, for
research by universities and government agencies, and for other
institutions for medical and scientific purposes as determined by
the
board; and
(3) Microorganisms on Part B of the list of restricted
microorganisms, for
the purposes described in paragraph (2) herein and for private
and
commercial use including diagnostic work and production by
medical laboratories, clinics, and other facilities.
(c) The permittee must obtain prior site approval for
microorganisms on the list of restricted microorganisms.
(d) Restricted list microorganisms require a permit for both
import and possession. Where a permit for a restricted list
microorganism allows transfer or sale, the proposed transferee
must first obtain a permit by application to the chief, site
inspection approval, and satisfaction of any other requirements
applicable.
(e) The board may establish permit conditions relating to but not
limited to, time, place, location, use, special precautions,
health requirements, and safeguarding the microorganism from
escape, unauthorized release, or theft, as well as any applicable
requirements of municipal, state, or federal law. The permittee
shall comply with the requirements of this chapter, chapter 150A,
Hawaii Revised Statutes, and specific permit conditions
established by the board. [Eff. and comp 2/21/92; am and comp JAN
30 1995] (Auth: HRS §§141-2, 150A-9) (Imp: HRS §150A-6)