Resource Information
     
Field Insecticidal Trial Against Certain Pests of Red Ginger, Hawaii, 1994  
     

By: T. Y. Hata, A. H. Hara, and B.K.S. Hu

Beaumont Agri. Res. Center, University of Hawaii-Manoa, 461 W. Lanikaula St., Hilo, Hawaii 96720, Phone (808) 935-2885

HOST: Red Ginger: Alpinia purpurata (Vieill.) K. Schum.

TARGETED PESTS: Banana aphid: Pentalonia nigronervosa (Coquerel),
Cotton aphid:Aphis gossypii (Glover) , Citrus mealybug: Planococcus citri(Risso) , Obscure mealybug: Pseudococcus affinis (Maskell) , Longtailed mealybug: Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti) ,Cardamom thrips: Sciothrips cardamomi (Ramakr) , Bigheaded ant: Pheidole megacephala (F.) , An ant; Technomyrmex albipes (F. Smith)


EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Efficacy trials were conducted from 20 May through 26 Sep 1994 in an existing, 4 year old ginger planting at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Waiakea Experiment Station in Hilo, Hawaii. Treatments consisted of 4 replicates with 5 plants per replicate arranged in a randomized complete block (RCB) experimental design. Selected insecticides were applied at the following rates: Talstar T&O; 0.1 lb AI/100 gal, Pageant DF; 0.5 lb AI/100 gal, Marathon 1G; 0.4 lb AI/acre, Mavrik Aquaflow; 0.08 lb AI/100 gal combined with M-Pede 1855 ml AI/100 gal by volume. Foliar insecticides were applied biweekly beginning 14 Jun through 25 Jul for a total of four applications using a solo back pack sprayer (Solo Inc., Newport News, VA) equipped with an 8004 Teejet nozzle at 276 KPa (702 liters/ha). A spreader sticker (Ad-here, J.R. Simplot, Lanthrop, CA) was added to all foliar treatments including the control at a rate of 0.39 ml/liter solution. Marathon 1G was applied once, around and within the ginger stalks, and watered immediately after treatment. Treatment efficacy was determined by dissecting the flower bracts and terminal leaf sheath and observing for various insect pests. Flowers were considered infested if a single live (moving) insect was found. The three species of mealybugs and two ant species were each pooled for analysis. The percentages of infested flowers were transformed to arcsine square root and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Back transformed means are presented.

RESULTS
The mean percentage of flowers infested with various insect pest among treatments before insecticide application did not vary significantly. Talstar significantly reduced the percentage of flowers with ants, banana aphids, cotton aphids, and cardamom thrips after 1 application. Pageant significantly reduced ants, banana aphids, cotton aphids and mealybugs, and Mavrik tank mixed with M-pede reduced cotton aphids and cardamom thrips after 2 insecticide applications. Marathon reduced ants and cotton aphids 3 wk after application and banana aphids 5 wk after application (data not shown). Throughout the trial Talstar was most effective against ants, banana aphids, cotton aphids and cardamom thrips and remained effective longer than other tested insecticides. Pageant was most effective against mealybugs.

    Ants Banana
aphids		 Cotton
aphids		 Mealybugs Cardamom
thrips
23 June 1994 (n)a          
Talstar T&O (F) 138 1.0b** 27.8b* 12.1b* 37.3a 0.0c**
Pageant DF 157 65.0a 45.6ab 27.4ab 35.9a 11.2ab
Mavrik / M-Pede 145 76.8a 57.1ab 26.5ab 53.9a 4.7bc
Marathon 1%G 142 42.7a 39.1ab 21.1ab 35.4a 28.4a
Control 133 75.6a 63.2a 50.0a 51.5a 13.5ab
7 July 1994            
Talstar T&O (F) 77 0.2d** 30.7ab* 0.0b** 28.7ab** 0.0b**
Pageant DF 85 13.6cd 11.7b 6.5b 3.9b 2.3ab
Mavrik / M-Pede 94 66.1ab 39.1ab 3.5b 27.2ab 0.0b
Marathon 1%G 88 29.0bc 35.5ab 7.4b 25.2ab 1.7ab
Control 89 86.5a 65.3a 39.9a 47.8a 17.3a

Percentages subject to ANOVA (*, **, significant at P < 0.05, 0.01, respectively). Means followed by the same letter in a column are not significantly different by Scheffe’s multiple-comparison procedure.
aNumber of flowers harvested.

PRODUCT INFORMATION

PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENT
Use pesticides safely. Follow the pesticide label. Consult with the Cooperative Extension Service or the Hawai'i State Department of Agriculture for authorized special local need registrations or additional information. The user is responsible for the proper use, application, storage, and disposal of pesticides.

DISCLAIMER
Reference to a company or product name does not imply approval or recommendation of the product by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Cooperative Extension Service University of Hawaii, or the United State Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. All materials should be used in accordance with label instructions or manufacturer's directions.

Product Name: Talstar Flowable
Manufacturer’s Name: FMC Corp.
Address: 2000 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
Composition: bifenthrin 0.67 lb active per gallon

Product Name: Pageant DF
Manufacturer’s Name: DowElanco
Address: 9002 Purdue Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268-1189
Composition: chlorpyrifos 50%

Product Name: Marathon 1G
Manufacturer’s Name: Miles Inc.
Address: P.O. Box 4913, 8400 Hawthorn Road, Kansas City, MO 64120
Composition: imidacloprid 1%G

Product Name: Mavrik Aquaflow
Manufacturer’s Name: Sandoz Crop Protection
Address: 1300 E. Touhy Ave., Des Plaines, IL 60018
Composition: fluvalinate 2.0 lbs active per gallon

Product Name: M-Pede
Manufacturer’s Name: Mycogen Corporation
Address: 5451 Oberlin Drive, San Diego, CA 92121
Composition: Potassium salts of fatty acids 49% by volume